What is the structure of the tensile testing machine?
The structure of the tensile testing machine is also called the electronic tensile testing machine. It is used to test mechanical properties such as static load, tension, compression, bending, shear, tear, and peeling of various materials. It is suitable for testing various physical and mechanical properties of plastic sheets, pipes, profiles, plastic films, rubber, wires and cables, steel, glass fiber and other materials. It is indispensable for material development, physical testing, teaching research, quality control, etc. Testing Equipment. The general structure of the testing machine:
1. Host
The host is mainly composed of a base, a workbench, a column, a lead screw, a movable beam and an upper beam. The upper part of the movable beam is provided with a lower jaw, the lower part is provided with an upper pressure plate, and the lower part of the upper beam is provided with an upper jaw. The workbench and the upper beam are connected by two uprights to form a rigid frame.
The working table is connected with the piston and moves up and down together with the piston. The moving beam is connected to the lead screw through a drive nut, and moves up and down with the rotation of the lead screw. The drive mechanism of the lead screw is composed of a drive motor, a sprocket, and a chain. The drive motor drives the two lead screws to rotate synchronously through a chain drive.
The high-pressure oil pump supplies oil to the cylinder to raise the piston, which drives the workbench to move upwards, so as to perform tensile, shear and compressive tests of the sample. Tensile and shear tests are carried out between the moving beam and the upper beam, and the compression test is carried out between the workbench and the moving beam.
2. Oil delivery valve
The oil delivery valve is a shunt type flow regulating valve, which is composed of a variable throttle and a fixed differential pressure reducing valve in parallel.
3. Oil return buffer valve
The oil return buffer valve is composed of an unloading switch and an oil return throttle valve. Its purpose is to unload the load and make the oil pressure of the working cylinder drop rapidly.
4. Principle of hydraulic system
The oil in the oil tank is sucked into the oil pump and sent to the oil delivery valve through the oil pump outlet pipe. When the oil delivery valve is completely closed, the oil pressure rises until the fixed differential pressure reducing valve is opened, and the pressure oil enters the clamping cylinder through the solenoid valve. Control the clamping and loosening of the upper and lower jaws. When the oil delivery valve is opened, the pressure oil is sent into the working oil cylinder, which can raise the piston in the oil cylinder. When the load of the working oil cylinder suddenly disappears (open the oil return valve or the sample breaks), the working oil cylinder is immediately unloaded.
5. Force measuring system
All control calculations and status settings are completed by computer software. The software integrates the compression test of cement, mortar, brick, concrete, etc., as well as the test of concrete bending resistance, and is a five-in-one software. It can record force-time, loading speed-time, deformation-time, force-deformation, displacement-time, force-displacement test curves in real time. However, you can switch and observe at any time, zoom in and out at will, real-time high-speed sampling; automatically judge the broken shape, automatically record and save the test data and test curves; the test data adopts the database management mode, and the database records can be viewed in real time; the elastic modulus is automatically calculated at the end of the test , Yield strength, etc.